robinson Q/A ch 8

During a terrible storm a family is abandoned on a ship by the fleeing crew. In

the morning when the storm clears, they give thanks to God for their survival

and the proximity of land. They collect anything they can use from the ship,

build a raft and head for land, where they hunt for food and make a tent out of

the ship's sails.

In the following days, the family hunts, explore, acquire a baby monkey as a

pet and are attacked by jackals. The narrator and the eldest son, Fritz return to

the boat to collect whatever else useful they can still salvage, including the

farm animals that were on board. In their absence, Elisabeth and the younger

children have explored further and found an ideal place for a tree house for

them.

Why did the narrator send the two eldest boys to the sea shore?

(to choose pieces of wood for the steps of the ladder for the giant tree

house)

 What happened when Flora threw herself into the bushes?

(a troop of flamingos mounted into the air)

 Who fired at the birds? (Fritz)

 How did the narrator react? (The narrator nursed the injured bird.)

 How did the narrator make the steps?

(by securing them with ropes on either side and using pieces of cane to

mount)

 Why was the end of the ladder loosened?

(so that the narrator was able to draw it up during the night)

 How did the narrator feel on reaching the house?

(He felt like they were in a castle, in which, when the draw bridge is raised,

the occupants secured from every attack of the enemy.)

 What idea did the narrator come up with, the next morning?

(He decided that they should not take the regular road to the seashore but

try to explore another way.)

swiss family chap9

Comprehension Questions:

Q1 What did the narrator observe on the way home?

Ans He observed many pieces of wood to build a sledge.

Q2 When was he determined to go to collect the same?

Ans He was determined to go early the next morning, before his family woke up.

Q3 Why did he leave Fritz behind?

Ans He left Fritz behind to protect the family in case of danger.

Q4 What did they do on finding the pieces of wood?

Ans They set to work to cut them to proper length and laid cross ways on the branches.)

Q5 What did the chest contain?

Ans It contained some sailor’s dresses and some linen.

Q6 How was the outline of the sledge made?

Ans The narrator fixed two bent pieces of wood, the segments of a circle, in their place by a straight piece of wood placed across, and firmly fixed to the bent pieces in the middle and sat at the rear. This formed the outline of his sledge, fastening two ropes in front.

Q7 How would the sledge help them?

Ans Sledge would help them to carry heavy things back from the store house.

Q8 Why did they take the road by the seashore?

Ans They took the road by the seashore because the sands afforded better travelling than the thick grass.

Q9 What did they load on the sledge?

Ans They loaded casks of butter, cheese, a small barrel of gunpowder, different instruments, and some shot.

Q10 Describe the animal that Ernest shot?

Ans It was as large as a sheep, with the tail resembling that of a tiger, its snout and hair were like those of a mouse, the forelegs resembled those of a squirrel, and were extremely short. To make up for this, its hind legs were as long as a pair of stilts.

Q11 Why did the narrator and Ernest burst out laughing?

Ans The narrator and Ernest burst out laughing on seeing the ludicrous style of dress of the three boys. One had a sailor’s shirt which fell to his legs, another was buried in a pair of pantaloons which were fastened around his neck and reached the ground, and the third had a long waist coat, which came down to the instep and gave him the exact form of a travelling suitcase.

Time - Table : SA2 Cycle Test 4(2015-16)

HINDI Revision Question Bank

Revision test time table

Revision  Test time table

1/3/16       Maths  (bring geometry box,)
2/3/16        Science
3/3/16         Socialscience

HINDI LIT. (CYCLE TEST 4)

Revision Question Bank

PODAR INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL (CBSE)
Question Bank  Cycle Test – 4 (2015-16)
Std: VI
Subject: English

I. Read the following passage carefully.
Space is never a limit for gardening fans. Those with green fingers
can always create their little place, be it on the ground or atop a multi storey
house. Some of the best gardens are those suspended between
the land and the sky. For people living on the upper floors of multi-storey
blocks their garden is a prized possession. Pressure of rapidly increasing
population has forced cities to adopt vertical development. But that
does not mean that people living in higher storey are deprived of the
pleasures of their own gardens. Necessity is the mother of invention and
so the terrace garden culture is catching the imagination of gardening
freaks.
Leakage below and seepage through walls are the biggest
worries. Exposure to the unpredictable weather is another hurdle. Thus
creating and maintaining a terrace garden is certainly a challenge.
Keep in mind that you cannot create such a garden overnight. It needs
planning regarding leakages, the weight the roof can take, selection of
plants, planting material, the medium in which the plants are planted,
garden decoration, garden furniture and above all your own
imagination.
Leakage below the garden could be due to various reasons. Lack
of water-proofing, selecting plants with spreading roots or even
something like creation of space between bricks by ants. Leakage is
mostly found in electric installations below. If you have taken care to
provide effective water-proofing on the garden floor, then there should
be no problems. It is also essential to consider the weight-bearing
capacity of the roof-top here. To lighten the load, use pots made of
wooden material, aluminium, plastic, fibre glass etc.
Try to provide the garden with a bamboo fence as a wind barrier.
This is also useful as a shade and you could keep shade-loving plants
under it. Net shades are available in different colours; these cut light to
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different intensities and can be used overhead by fastening with hooks.
You could remove these shades in winter. Winter is a special time for such
gardens: the sun is mild and the range of flowers tremendous.

Complete the following sentences.
1. Terrace garden culture is catching the imagination of garden freaks as
_____________________________.
2. Winter is a special time for terrace gardens because ___________________.
3. Pressure of rapidly increasing population has forced cities to
____________________________.
4. Terrace garden is a challenge as __________________ are to be dealt with.
5. The problem of leakage can be solved by _____________________________.
6. Usage of ______________________ can reduce the weight to be borne by
the roof.
7. Net shades are useful __________________________.
8. Bamboo fence acts as _________________________.

II. A. Read the following passage carefully.
Redwood, also known as Coast Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens), grows
in a very narrow strip along the coast of California from the extreme
southwestern corner of Oregon to 150 miles south of San Francisco. This
area is about 500 miles long and rarely more than twenty or thirty miles
wide. This region has frequent thick – summer fog, moderate year-round
temperature, and considerable winter rainfall. Redwood does not grow
naturally beyond the belt affected by this combination.
Redwood is a rapidly growing tree, and some individual trees have been
measured at more than 360 feet in height, making it the tallest measured
tree species on the earth. In favourable situations, trees 20 years old may
average fifty feet in height and eight inches in diameter. The dimensions
of average mature trees vary from 200 to 240 feet in height. Exceptional
kinds sometimes reach a height of 350 feet, a diameter of over twenty
feet, and an age of approximately 2000 years.
Redwood leaves are green, flat, and sharp-pointed. The brown cones
are egg-shaped and only half an inch in diameter. Their seeds average
about 1, 23,000 to a pound. The soft, reddish-brown bark, six to twelve
inches thick, is one of the Coast Redwood's most distinguishing
characteristic and, together with the wood, lends the name to the
species.
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The barks of older trees have a grayish tinge and are deeply furrowed,
giving the trees a fluted appearance. Although the thick bark of older
trees is relatively fire resistant, repeated fires can cause considerable
damage. This fact is evident in the large hollows or ‘goose-pens’
frequently found in the base of large trees. At times, when a fire is strong
enough to burn all layers and kill the tree, its roots, buried in the cool,
moist soil, often live on and produce new sprouts.
Fire either seriously injures the young growth or kills it outright. Also,
redwood trees are often more likely to be affected by wind than fire, and
can be toppled by fierce winter storms. However, Redwood is
exceptionally free from fungus diseases, and there are no insects which
materially harm it. Human demand for wood is responsible for most of the
destruction of Coast Redwood forests.
Answer the questions in brief:
1. ‘The size of the Redwood tree is astounding.’ Explain with two facts from
the given passage.
2. Give any two characteristic features of the bark of a Redwood tree.
3. What are the dangers faced by the Redwood trees?
Find words from the passage which are similar in meaning to the words
by choosing the correct option:
1. rarely (para 1)a)always
b)never
c)hardly
d)often
2. outright (para 5)a)someone who is out of all rights
b)completely and immediately
c)to sell something
d)throughout
3. rapidly (para 2)a)slowly
b)quietly
c)extremely
d)very fast
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4. tinge (para 4)a)a trace of a colour
b)a tingling sound
c)a kind of taste
d)odour of an object
III. Writing:
1. You decide to write an article in the school magazine on how it is
important to save the planet earth.  Write the article in about 100 words.
2. “Animals in the zoos” – How far do you support this? Write a speech on
this.
3. You are the staff reporter of a national daily. Write a report for your
newspaper on health camp that was organized.
4. Tarun decided to write a story but after some time, he could not
complete the story as he lost interest. Complete his story on the basis of
the beginning given below. Do not exceed 60 words.
“Once upon a time, the Lion, the king of the forest, was celebrating his
son’s birthday. All the animals and birds of the forest were to participate
in the grand function….”
5. You are Vivek/ Vedika. Write a letter to your class teacher requesting her
to explain a certain topic in grammar which you missed as you were
absent.
6. As an aware citizen of the country, you are concerned about the
increase in road accidents in the metropolis, Delhi. Interpret the data
given below in about 80 words.
Horizontal
line – years
Vertical line
– number of
years
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IV. Grammar
Select the most appropriate option for the reported speech of the
following sentences.
1. "My grandfather is going to cook dinner for us".
She told me that _______________________________.
a. her grandfather would be cooking dinner for us
b. my grandfather will cook dinner for us
c. my grandfather would be cooking dinner for them
d. his grandfather will cook dinner for him
2. "Yeah, I've been to Greece."
Victor told me that __________________.
a. he is in Greece
b. he would be in Greece
c. he had been to Greece
d. he has been to Greece
3. "I am writing an email to my friend."
He told me that ________________________________.
a. she is writing an email to her friend
b. he will write an email to his friend
c. he is writing an email to his friend
d. she was writing an email to his friend
4. "I have been to this restaurant.” said Sheena.
Sheena said that __________________________________.
a. she had been to that restaurant
b. he has been to this restaurant
c. she has been to that restaurant
d. she will be going to that restaurant
5. Victor said, "I run a successful design studio".
Victor told the man that ________________________________.
a. he ran a successful design studio
b. he runs a successful design studio
c. he is running a successful design studio
d. Victor runs a successful design studio
Choose the correct option as directed in the following questions:
1. Which sentence uses the passive voice?
a. I usually let my brother play with my toys.
b. The bill was passed by everyone.
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c. Yesterday, the old farmer painted the fence.
d. Going to the park can be a lot of fun for kids.
2. Which sentence uses the passive voice?
a. I hope you are right.
b. No movie is complete without popcorn.
c. A fun time will be had by all.
d. Dad is going to take us to the movies.
Change the voice:
1. The king killed the lion.
2. He has fought a good fight.
3. Who taught her French?
Choose the option that completes the sentence correctly.
1. This job _____________ by my friend next week.
a. is done
b. did
c. will be done
d. was done
2. My father wrote this book. It _____________ by my father.
a. will be wrote
b. was written
c. was write
d. is written
3. Mr Johnson __________ this book.
a. is translated
b. translated by
c. translated
d. was translated
4. This clock __________ in 1750.
a. is made
b. was made
c. is making
d. will be made
5. All the beds were ______________ my grandmother.
a. made by
b. made for
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c. make by
d. make for
Choose the correct prefix or suffix from the list to complete the gap.
1. In many countries it is _____ legal to keep a gun in your house.
a. un
b. il
c. in
d. dis
2. She's thinking of going back to university and taking a/ an _______
graduate course.
a. pre
b. under
c. post
d. anti
3. You shouldn't eat chicken that is ______ cooked.
a. anti
b. mis
c. under
d. pro
4. There was some _________agreement over the bill.
a. dis
b. mis
c. un
d. ill
5. She works for a _________ national company. It has offices in over thirty
countries.
a. inter
b. multi
c. bi
d. pre
Fill in the blanks with an appropriate idiom from the brackets.
[cat was out of the bag, made ducks and drakes, a piece of cake, as fit
as a fiddle, tie a bell to the cat’s neck]
1. Despite his old age, he is ________________________.
2. The foolish young man soon __________________ of the vast property his
father left him.
3. Mom didn't want me to know what my birthday present was but the
______________________ because I saw her hide it in the closet.
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4. Scoring an A grade in the unit test was _______________________ for Faruk.
5. Raman and Gita wanted to go for a movie, but argued that who would
ask permission from mother and _________________________.
Fill in the blanks with correct options:
1. The shock of seeing his house on fire (affected/effected) him deeply.
2. She has (ensured/insured) her house for a very large amount.
3. It is so humid! We should wear (colder/cooler) clothes in such weather.
4. Daily practice made her (adapt/adept) at using the bow and arrow.
5. The (lonely/alone) man sat down by the seashore.
Fill in the blanks with the correct preposition.
1. There is no use ____________ going there at this time.
a. at
b. in
c. on
d. off
2. He complains ___________ headache.
a. of
b. off
c. from
d. about
3. They went to Agra ___________ bus.
a. of
b. in
c. by
d. from
4. I am writing this essay __________ blue ink.
a. in
b. with
c. from
d. on
5. He congratulated you ____________ your promotion.
a. in
b. on
c. of
d. for
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Find the adverb(s) in the following sentences.
1. I have been a fan of mystery stories since I was quite young.
a. fan
b. quite
c. since
d. young
2. Some stories are incredibly exciting from start to finish.
a. some
b. incredibly
c. exciting
d. from
3. Others build suspense very slowly.
a. others, very
b. others, slowly
c. others, very, slowly
d. very, slowly
4. If I like a story, I almost never put it down until I finish it.
a. a, almost, never
b. almost, never, until
c. a, almost, down
d. almost, never, down
5. In many cases, I can scarcely prevent myself from peeking at the last
chapter to see the ending.
a. many
b. from
c. prevent
d. scarcely
Literature
V. Read the extract and answer the questions that follow.
1. “If it had been ten thousand a man might celebrate with a lot of
fireworks. Even fifty dollars would have been less trouble.”
a. Who said the above lines and to whom?
b. What condition did the will carry?
c. Identify the word which means ‘to have a good time’.
Read the extract and answer the questions that follow.
2. “The lizard was clicked basking in the sun on top of a rock near the
Rongai River in the Masai Mara National Reserve.”
a. What is special about the lizard mentioned in the above lines?
9
b. What was the lizard doing while it was clicked?
c. Find the word which is an antonym for ‘far’.
Read the extract and answer the questions that follow.
3. Gaily, O gaily we glide and we sing,
We bear her along like a pearl on a string.
a. Who is ‘we’ in the above lines?
b. What is the bride compared to in the above lines?
c. Name and explain the figure of speech in the first line of the stanza.
Read the extract and answer the questions that follow.
4. Water from lakes and river bodies that supply water to towns and villages
may be contaminated. The best thing about rainwater is that it is free
from natural and man-made pollutants.
a. How do towns and villages receive their supply of water?
b. What is the advantage of storing rain water?
c. Identify the word which means the same as ‘dirty and infected’.
VI. Answer the following questions in 30 to 40 words each.
1. One Thousand Dollars
a. On what condition was the one thousand dollars given to Gillian by
the lawyers?
b. How did Uncle Gillian divide up his will?
c. Why did Gillian go to Columbine Theatre? Why was he disappointed
there?
d. Was Gillian satisfied with the amount his uncle bestowed upon him?
Justify your answer by quoting the sentences from the text.
2. Spiderman in the Animal Kingdom
a. When and how was the lizard, that resembled Spiderman,
photographed?
b. What striking similarities does it bear with Spiderman?
c. Describe the lizard when agitated or in a fight.
d. Give two facts that we must keep in mind to keep the lizard as a pet.
3. Rainwater Harvesting
a. Why are we facing a water crisis across the country, despite the huge
water resources?
b. Explain the process of harvesting rainwater.
c. Give any two disadvantages of a rainwater harvesting system.
d. How does nature have its own system of recharging groundwater?
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4. Palanquin Bearers
a. How do the palanquin bearers describe the manner in which they are
carrying the bride?
b. Do the palanquin bearers take pride in the task they are doing?
Justify.
c. Explain the lines:
She springs like a beam on the brow of the tide,
She falls like a tear from the eyes of a bride.
d. Name and explain the figure of speech in the following line:
‘She floats like a laugh from the lips of a dream. ’
VII. Answer the following questions in about 60 -80 words.
1. Describe any two major troubles that the family faced in the novel ‘The
Swiss Family Robinson’?
2. What lesson do we learn from the novel ‘The Swiss Family Robinson’?
3. In the Chapter ‘The Swiss Family Robinson’, the narrator and his family
make many new discoveries. Which one do you think proved to be the
most useful? Justify.
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
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Time Table with Syllabus-Class Test-4

Computer - Cycle Test 4 - ITKT

Note :- 

for better exam preparation students are suggested  to refer textbook and work book along with this material.

Cycle Test - 4 - Computer Syllabus

Chapter - 6 - Scratch 1.4

Chapter - 7 - System Settings and Troubleshooting

Lesson- Prefix and suffix

 anti-               against                                                     antifreeze
 de-                 opposite                                                    defrost
 dis-                 not,                                                           opposite of disagree
 en-, em-          cause to                                                   encode, embrace
 fore-                before                                                      forecast
 in-, im- in                                                                          infield
 in-, im-, il-, ir- not                                                          injustice, impossible
 inter-               between                                                  interact
 mid-                 middle                                                    midway
 mis-                 wrongly                                                  misfire
 non-                 not                                                          nonsense
 over-                over                                                        overlook
 pre-                  before                                                     prefix
 re-                   again                                                         return
 semi-               half                                                         semicircle
 sub-                under                                                       submarine
 super-            above                                                        superstar
 trans-              across                                                      transport
 un-                  not                                                         unfriendly
 -able, -ible      can be done                                          comfortable
 -al, -ial             having characteristics of                    personal
 -ed*                  past-tense verbs                                 happened
 -en                  made of                                               wooden
 -ing*               verb form present participle                 running
 -ion, -              tion,                                                     act, process occasion, attraction
 -ive, -ative, -tive adjective form of a noun                  plaintive
 -less               without                                                  fearless
 -ly*                 characteristic of                                  quickly
 -ment             action or process                                 enjoyment
 -ness               state of, condition of                           kindness
 -ous, -eous, -ious possessing the qualities of           joyous
 -s, -es*           more than one                                     books, boxes
 -y                    characterized by                                   happy

Comprehension Passage for OBT

Boeing 747

A Boeing 747 was once on its way from Indonesia to new Zealand with 247 passenger on the board. The aircraft met with a, deadly cloud of dust and ash throw in to sky by a volcano. They were flying Out over a sea at the height of 10,000 meters when the jet’s four engine cut out, one by one. A terrible silence fell over the aircraft.

The quick-thinking pilot put his huge jet into a glide and turned back for the airport. For a full thirteen minutes they glided through the air.

Even without engine, this great aircraft seemed to take to the skies like a bird. Here are some facts about jumbo jets:

1)    The Jumbo Jets or Boeing 747 is 70 meters long, 6 meters wide and 19.5 meters high. It is the largest ever built for the world airlines

2)   Its seats up to 500 passengers in one flight. In one year, a jumbo jet will take 150000 people between France and America,.

3)    It carries 214000 liters of fuel which would be enough for to keep a car running for hundred years. In crossing from New York to London a jumbo will use 90000 liters of fuel. Suddenly the four engines started again.

Thanks to this magnificent machine and its pilots, they were able to safely

land half an hour later.

4)   It is made up of over four million parts and has over 160000 kilometers of wires and cables.

5)   Four massive jet engines are needed to get these 300 tons machine into the air and 18 wheels are needed to support its weight on the ground.

6)   A jumbo jet, flying to New York will carry over 3000 kilograms of food and drinks to serve the passengers.

7)   Flying at a height of 10600 meters, the Boeing 747 cruisers along at a speed of 912 kilometers per hour (560mph)

S.st Notes - India A Kaliedoscope

EXTRA QUESTION/ ANSWERS:

Q1. What does diversity mean?

Ans. Diversity means, “Differences among groups of people and individuals based on ethnicity, race, socio-economic status, gender, exceptionalities, language, religion, and geographical area.

Q2. How many languages are recognised by the Constitution of India?

Ans. 22

Q3. Name the official language of India.

Ans. Hindi

Q4. Name the religions that were born in India.

Ans. Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism.

Q5. What makes India a unique place to live?

Ans. Harmonious co-existence of different religions in India makes it a unique place to live in.

Q6. Why is India known as a secular country?

Ans. The Constitution of India permits one to follow one’s own religion and develop one’s own language and culture.

Q7. Unity in Diversity’ has been the distinctive feature of our culture. Give reason.

Ans. India is a land of diverse cultures, religions and communities. India also has a

very rich tribal culture. The traditions, practices, way of living, and customs varies

in each part of the country. Each part of the country depicts different customs

and traditions. Although we speak different languages, follow different customs

and traditions, we are all Indians.

Q8. Where is Ladakh located?

Ans. North India

Q9. What is the temperature of Ladakh in summer?

Ans. 35ºC

Q10. What is Ladakhi tea also known as? What is unique about it?

Ans. Gurgur cha or Butter tea and is unique as it is made with strong green tea, butter and salt.

Q11. What is the special mention of Ladakh?

Ans. Cold desert.

Q12. What is the headdress worn by Ladakhi women called?

Ans. Perak.

Q13. Describe the Keralite lunch.

Ans. The Keralite lunch is traditionally a vegetarian meal. It is served on banana

leaf known as Sadya. It comprises of para boiled rice, vegetable curries, side dishes, savouries, pickles and desserts.

Q14. What is the Snake Boat Race?

Ans. The Snake boat race is a boat race that is carried out on the banks of the river

 Pamba at Aranmulla on the fifth day of Onam.

Q15. Why is the festival of Sindhu Darshan celebrated?

Ans. It is celebrated to showcase Indus River as a model of communal harmony

 and peace in India.

Q16. Where is Manipur located?

Ans. East India.

Q17. What is the temperature of Manipur in summer?

Ans. 32ºC.

Q18. What is Khichhdi?

Ans. It is made of rice and dal.

Q19. What is the popular dance form of Kutcch?

Ans. Kutcchi Gajiyo

Q20. Describe the cultural festival of Manipur.

Ans. Hiyang Tannaba (Boat Race) is generally held in the month of November at

 Thangapat. The boats called Hiyang Hiren. The rowers wear traditional dresses and

head- gears.

L-13 Magical Magnets – Extra questions

Q1. What do you mean by magnetism?

Q2. Write a short note on Magnetite?

Q3. Will magnets lose their power overtime? Give reason.

Q4. Identify the property of magnet shown in the given pictures

Q5. Give reason

a)      Earth is considered as huge magnet.

b)      Magnetic keepers are placed across the poles of a magnet.

Q6. How do we find the direction of a place using magnetic compass?

Q7. How will you make your own Magnet?

Q8. Explain use of magnet in field of medicines.

Q9. List 10 uses of magnet in our daily life.

Q10. Fill in the blanks-

a)      ______ is an alloy of aluminium, nickel and cobalt, used to make powerful ______.

b)      Materials that are not attracted by magnets are called as __________ materials.

c)      _________ Magnets are of different shapes like rectangular, cylindrical, U-shaped or horse shoe shaped.

d)      The word magnet originates from Greek word _______________.

e)      _________  ___________ are used to run high-speed Maglev trains.

practice sheets for division and fraction

Geography           L - 10 Vulnerable Earth

Q1. What do you mean by disaster? Name types of disasters.

Ans -A disaster is a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society involving widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources. There are two types of disasters - natural and man - made.

Q2. Enumerate types of natural and man - made disasters.

Ans - Natural disaster include -

a) Flood - Water level rises on the land above the safety mark.

b) Drought - Area with little or no rainfall

c) Earthquake - Two earth tectonic plates collide with each other.

d) Cyclones - Storm occurring due to difference in temperature and pressure of air

e) Landslide - large mass of rock or land sliding down the hill

f) Volcanic Eruptions - Sudden occurrence of a violent discharge of steam and volcanic material

g) Tsunamis - Destructive sea waves caused by an earthquake or volcanic eruption under the sea.

Man - made disaster include -

a) Biological - releasing germs of deadly diseases.

  b) Nuclear - Use of nuclear weapons

c) Terrorism - attacks by using high amount of explosives.

d) Chemical - Human activities and industrial wastes polluting air, water and land.

Q3. What is flood disaster and when do floods occur? 

Ans -The danger caused by the flood is known as flood disaster. In other words, heavy loss of life and property due to excess of water is known as flood. Floods are said to occur when water rises above the safety level and overflows in the surrounding areas.

Q4. What causes floods and what are its effects?

Ans - Floods are caused by heavy rainfall, cyclones, cloud burst, inadequate drainage 

system, bursting of dams, overflowing of rivers, melting of snow, etc.

Devastating effects of floods are loss of life and property, damage to crops, breakdown of communication, dislocation of transport system

Q5. What are riverine floods?

Ans - Most of the floods in India are caused by overflowing of the rivers during the South - West Monsoon season (June to September). These are called riverine floods.

Q6. How does the Disaster Management Team help in flood preparedness?

Ans - They visit various parts of the country to create awareness about floods and how to deal with it? These team teach people – especially women of the areas, through demonstrations on how to save lives during floods, how to build temporary houses, how and where to store food at higher level, etc.

Q7. What are the steps that should be taken before floods?

Ans - Keep a check on weather forecast and flood warnings through radio, TV, newspaper etc, Locate safe shelters at higher level, also for animals in rural areas. Keep first aid box, candles, ropes, matchbox, torch, some clothes, etc handy, Keep some food in stock

Q8. What are the steps that should be taken after floods?

Ans - Drink boiled water, do not use crops that are wet, always keep food covered, try to disinfect the surroundings as it can be a breeding ground for mosquitoes, be careful of snake bites in water logged areas.

Q9. Give reason - droughts known as ‘slow onset disasters’

Ans - Drought occurs gradually over a period of time and so it is predictable.

Q10. What are the various causes of drought? 

Ans - Deficient rainfall, delay in onset of rainfall, timely onset of rainfall and sudden break and early withdrawal of monsoons.

Q11. What are effects of droughts?

Ans - Droughts influence mankind in the following ways: 

a) Reservoirs- wells, rivers, ponds, lakes, etc, dry up. Thus availability of water is very low for survival.
b) Vegetation - drying up of vegetation of the region.

c) Employment- India is an agriculture based country. Fall in agricultural production results in low employment opportunities for rural people. This is followed by migration of rural people to other areas in search of food and employment.
d) Diseases- starvation, hunger and malnutrition especially among children may lead to spread of various diseases such as dysentery, diarrhoea, etc.

e) poor families - Low yield of crops lead to less supply of crops in the market, high rates of food grains.

f) loss of life of humans and animal

g) farmers - loss of crops, cattle and fodder, low agricultural production.

Q12. What is the role of the DMT? 

Ans - Help the victims of disasters by actively taking part in rescue operations, and by providing food, shelters, medicines, first - aid, clothes, etc

Q13. Mention few Disaster Management Agencies.

 Ans -Help Age India, American Red Cross Society, Children’s Disaster Services, the World Vision, etc.

Q14. What Value do we get from this lesson?

Ans - We should respect nature. The creator of the world has blessed us with various natural resources. We should not exploit them but use them according to our needs. Animals and birds should not be killed for our luxurious purposes and should be taken care of. 

Q15. How can human efforts can help to curb the effects of drought?

Ans - Planned use of water, Minimising water wastage, conservation of natural water reservoirs, Undertaking water harvesting techniques and more plantations of trees.

Fill in the blanks-

1. Vast population and unique geographical characteristics makes India a ‘Disaster - prone’ country.

2. The North- Eastern part of the country is referred as the flood prone areas.

3. Drought affected area receive rainfall less than 25% of the average annual  rainfall.

4. On December 05, 2013, winter storm hits Britain and Ireland and brought devastating floods.

Map Work -

On the Political map of India mark 5 flood prone zone with green color and 5 drought prone zone with yellow color.