Lesson- Prefix and suffix

 anti-               against                                                     antifreeze
 de-                 opposite                                                    defrost
 dis-                 not,                                                           opposite of disagree
 en-, em-          cause to                                                   encode, embrace
 fore-                before                                                      forecast
 in-, im- in                                                                          infield
 in-, im-, il-, ir- not                                                          injustice, impossible
 inter-               between                                                  interact
 mid-                 middle                                                    midway
 mis-                 wrongly                                                  misfire
 non-                 not                                                          nonsense
 over-                over                                                        overlook
 pre-                  before                                                     prefix
 re-                   again                                                         return
 semi-               half                                                         semicircle
 sub-                under                                                       submarine
 super-            above                                                        superstar
 trans-              across                                                      transport
 un-                  not                                                         unfriendly
 -able, -ible      can be done                                          comfortable
 -al, -ial             having characteristics of                    personal
 -ed*                  past-tense verbs                                 happened
 -en                  made of                                               wooden
 -ing*               verb form present participle                 running
 -ion, -              tion,                                                     act, process occasion, attraction
 -ive, -ative, -tive adjective form of a noun                  plaintive
 -less               without                                                  fearless
 -ly*                 characteristic of                                  quickly
 -ment             action or process                                 enjoyment
 -ness               state of, condition of                           kindness
 -ous, -eous, -ious possessing the qualities of           joyous
 -s, -es*           more than one                                     books, boxes
 -y                    characterized by                                   happy

Comprehension Passage for OBT

Boeing 747

A Boeing 747 was once on its way from Indonesia to new Zealand with 247 passenger on the board. The aircraft met with a, deadly cloud of dust and ash throw in to sky by a volcano. They were flying Out over a sea at the height of 10,000 meters when the jet’s four engine cut out, one by one. A terrible silence fell over the aircraft.

The quick-thinking pilot put his huge jet into a glide and turned back for the airport. For a full thirteen minutes they glided through the air.

Even without engine, this great aircraft seemed to take to the skies like a bird. Here are some facts about jumbo jets:

1)    The Jumbo Jets or Boeing 747 is 70 meters long, 6 meters wide and 19.5 meters high. It is the largest ever built for the world airlines

2)   Its seats up to 500 passengers in one flight. In one year, a jumbo jet will take 150000 people between France and America,.

3)    It carries 214000 liters of fuel which would be enough for to keep a car running for hundred years. In crossing from New York to London a jumbo will use 90000 liters of fuel. Suddenly the four engines started again.

Thanks to this magnificent machine and its pilots, they were able to safely

land half an hour later.

4)   It is made up of over four million parts and has over 160000 kilometers of wires and cables.

5)   Four massive jet engines are needed to get these 300 tons machine into the air and 18 wheels are needed to support its weight on the ground.

6)   A jumbo jet, flying to New York will carry over 3000 kilograms of food and drinks to serve the passengers.

7)   Flying at a height of 10600 meters, the Boeing 747 cruisers along at a speed of 912 kilometers per hour (560mph)

S.st Notes - India A Kaliedoscope

EXTRA QUESTION/ ANSWERS:

Q1. What does diversity mean?

Ans. Diversity means, “Differences among groups of people and individuals based on ethnicity, race, socio-economic status, gender, exceptionalities, language, religion, and geographical area.

Q2. How many languages are recognised by the Constitution of India?

Ans. 22

Q3. Name the official language of India.

Ans. Hindi

Q4. Name the religions that were born in India.

Ans. Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism.

Q5. What makes India a unique place to live?

Ans. Harmonious co-existence of different religions in India makes it a unique place to live in.

Q6. Why is India known as a secular country?

Ans. The Constitution of India permits one to follow one’s own religion and develop one’s own language and culture.

Q7. Unity in Diversity’ has been the distinctive feature of our culture. Give reason.

Ans. India is a land of diverse cultures, religions and communities. India also has a

very rich tribal culture. The traditions, practices, way of living, and customs varies

in each part of the country. Each part of the country depicts different customs

and traditions. Although we speak different languages, follow different customs

and traditions, we are all Indians.

Q8. Where is Ladakh located?

Ans. North India

Q9. What is the temperature of Ladakh in summer?

Ans. 35ºC

Q10. What is Ladakhi tea also known as? What is unique about it?

Ans. Gurgur cha or Butter tea and is unique as it is made with strong green tea, butter and salt.

Q11. What is the special mention of Ladakh?

Ans. Cold desert.

Q12. What is the headdress worn by Ladakhi women called?

Ans. Perak.

Q13. Describe the Keralite lunch.

Ans. The Keralite lunch is traditionally a vegetarian meal. It is served on banana

leaf known as Sadya. It comprises of para boiled rice, vegetable curries, side dishes, savouries, pickles and desserts.

Q14. What is the Snake Boat Race?

Ans. The Snake boat race is a boat race that is carried out on the banks of the river

 Pamba at Aranmulla on the fifth day of Onam.

Q15. Why is the festival of Sindhu Darshan celebrated?

Ans. It is celebrated to showcase Indus River as a model of communal harmony

 and peace in India.

Q16. Where is Manipur located?

Ans. East India.

Q17. What is the temperature of Manipur in summer?

Ans. 32ºC.

Q18. What is Khichhdi?

Ans. It is made of rice and dal.

Q19. What is the popular dance form of Kutcch?

Ans. Kutcchi Gajiyo

Q20. Describe the cultural festival of Manipur.

Ans. Hiyang Tannaba (Boat Race) is generally held in the month of November at

 Thangapat. The boats called Hiyang Hiren. The rowers wear traditional dresses and

head- gears.

L-13 Magical Magnets – Extra questions

Q1. What do you mean by magnetism?

Q2. Write a short note on Magnetite?

Q3. Will magnets lose their power overtime? Give reason.

Q4. Identify the property of magnet shown in the given pictures

Q5. Give reason

a)      Earth is considered as huge magnet.

b)      Magnetic keepers are placed across the poles of a magnet.

Q6. How do we find the direction of a place using magnetic compass?

Q7. How will you make your own Magnet?

Q8. Explain use of magnet in field of medicines.

Q9. List 10 uses of magnet in our daily life.

Q10. Fill in the blanks-

a)      ______ is an alloy of aluminium, nickel and cobalt, used to make powerful ______.

b)      Materials that are not attracted by magnets are called as __________ materials.

c)      _________ Magnets are of different shapes like rectangular, cylindrical, U-shaped or horse shoe shaped.

d)      The word magnet originates from Greek word _______________.

e)      _________  ___________ are used to run high-speed Maglev trains.

practice sheets for division and fraction

Geography           L - 10 Vulnerable Earth

Q1. What do you mean by disaster? Name types of disasters.

Ans -A disaster is a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society involving widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources. There are two types of disasters - natural and man - made.

Q2. Enumerate types of natural and man - made disasters.

Ans - Natural disaster include -

a) Flood - Water level rises on the land above the safety mark.

b) Drought - Area with little or no rainfall

c) Earthquake - Two earth tectonic plates collide with each other.

d) Cyclones - Storm occurring due to difference in temperature and pressure of air

e) Landslide - large mass of rock or land sliding down the hill

f) Volcanic Eruptions - Sudden occurrence of a violent discharge of steam and volcanic material

g) Tsunamis - Destructive sea waves caused by an earthquake or volcanic eruption under the sea.

Man - made disaster include -

a) Biological - releasing germs of deadly diseases.

  b) Nuclear - Use of nuclear weapons

c) Terrorism - attacks by using high amount of explosives.

d) Chemical - Human activities and industrial wastes polluting air, water and land.

Q3. What is flood disaster and when do floods occur? 

Ans -The danger caused by the flood is known as flood disaster. In other words, heavy loss of life and property due to excess of water is known as flood. Floods are said to occur when water rises above the safety level and overflows in the surrounding areas.

Q4. What causes floods and what are its effects?

Ans - Floods are caused by heavy rainfall, cyclones, cloud burst, inadequate drainage 

system, bursting of dams, overflowing of rivers, melting of snow, etc.

Devastating effects of floods are loss of life and property, damage to crops, breakdown of communication, dislocation of transport system

Q5. What are riverine floods?

Ans - Most of the floods in India are caused by overflowing of the rivers during the South - West Monsoon season (June to September). These are called riverine floods.

Q6. How does the Disaster Management Team help in flood preparedness?

Ans - They visit various parts of the country to create awareness about floods and how to deal with it? These team teach people – especially women of the areas, through demonstrations on how to save lives during floods, how to build temporary houses, how and where to store food at higher level, etc.

Q7. What are the steps that should be taken before floods?

Ans - Keep a check on weather forecast and flood warnings through radio, TV, newspaper etc, Locate safe shelters at higher level, also for animals in rural areas. Keep first aid box, candles, ropes, matchbox, torch, some clothes, etc handy, Keep some food in stock

Q8. What are the steps that should be taken after floods?

Ans - Drink boiled water, do not use crops that are wet, always keep food covered, try to disinfect the surroundings as it can be a breeding ground for mosquitoes, be careful of snake bites in water logged areas.

Q9. Give reason - droughts known as ‘slow onset disasters’

Ans - Drought occurs gradually over a period of time and so it is predictable.

Q10. What are the various causes of drought? 

Ans - Deficient rainfall, delay in onset of rainfall, timely onset of rainfall and sudden break and early withdrawal of monsoons.

Q11. What are effects of droughts?

Ans - Droughts influence mankind in the following ways: 

a) Reservoirs- wells, rivers, ponds, lakes, etc, dry up. Thus availability of water is very low for survival.
b) Vegetation - drying up of vegetation of the region.

c) Employment- India is an agriculture based country. Fall in agricultural production results in low employment opportunities for rural people. This is followed by migration of rural people to other areas in search of food and employment.
d) Diseases- starvation, hunger and malnutrition especially among children may lead to spread of various diseases such as dysentery, diarrhoea, etc.

e) poor families - Low yield of crops lead to less supply of crops in the market, high rates of food grains.

f) loss of life of humans and animal

g) farmers - loss of crops, cattle and fodder, low agricultural production.

Q12. What is the role of the DMT? 

Ans - Help the victims of disasters by actively taking part in rescue operations, and by providing food, shelters, medicines, first - aid, clothes, etc

Q13. Mention few Disaster Management Agencies.

 Ans -Help Age India, American Red Cross Society, Children’s Disaster Services, the World Vision, etc.

Q14. What Value do we get from this lesson?

Ans - We should respect nature. The creator of the world has blessed us with various natural resources. We should not exploit them but use them according to our needs. Animals and birds should not be killed for our luxurious purposes and should be taken care of. 

Q15. How can human efforts can help to curb the effects of drought?

Ans - Planned use of water, Minimising water wastage, conservation of natural water reservoirs, Undertaking water harvesting techniques and more plantations of trees.

Fill in the blanks-

1. Vast population and unique geographical characteristics makes India a ‘Disaster - prone’ country.

2. The North- Eastern part of the country is referred as the flood prone areas.

3. Drought affected area receive rainfall less than 25% of the average annual  rainfall.

4. On December 05, 2013, winter storm hits Britain and Ireland and brought devastating floods.

Map Work -

On the Political map of India mark 5 flood prone zone with green color and 5 drought prone zone with yellow color.

S.st- SUBSISTENCE LIVING IN THE CITY

1. What are primary occupations?
   Occupations based on natural resources
2. Give three examples of primary occupations.
   Hunting, collection of forest produce, animal rearing, fishing, farming, agriculture and mining.
3. What are secondary occupations?
   Occupations which transform primary goods into goods which are directly useful to man.
4. Give example of secondary occupations.
   Manufacturing industries
5. What are tertiary occupations?
   These are occupations that render the services.
6. Give example of tertiary occupations.
   Teaching, railways.
7. What can be seen at Bhuleshwar?
   One can see hordes of buildings along with ancient temples and trading institutions.
8. How does the city get its name?
   The city gets its name from Mumbadevi whose temple is located here.
9. Describe the streets of Bhuleshwar.
   The streets are tapered and are always packed with people at any time of the day
10. Why is the place known as heaven for shopaholics?
    One can fi nd a wide range of things sold here, right from clothing, and swanky jewellery to fruits, fl owers and vegetables at an affordable price. The place is surrounded by other main market areas of Mumbai. Mahatma Phule Market which is situated nearby is famous for its fruit and vegetable market; Mangaldas Market for garments; Zaveri Bazaar for jewellery and Dhabu Street for leather products. Chor Bazaar and Mutton Street located nearby are well known for their antiques and furniture shops.
11. Define migration.
    Migration is the movement of people from one place to another for the purpose of taking up permanent or semi permanent residence.
12. What are the push factors for migration?
    Few job opportunities, Lower wages, Crop failure, Poor health facilities, Poor educational services)
13. Who is Baburao?
    Baburao is one of the many workers who have migrated to Mumbai in search of employment.
14. From which region did he migrate and why?
    He migrated from the Marathawada region in Maharashtra after the region suffered perennial drought situation.
15. Who are Naka workers?
    Naka workers are those who assemble on the nakas in the morning, from 6 AM to 8 AM. They wait in nakas until they get work from a labour contractor to work in the construction sector or get hired for work such as masons, carpenters, plumbers, and helpers.
16. What is jhuggi?
    A thatched tiny residential unit, without any sanitation facility.
17. Describe the working conditions of Baburao.
    Baburao says that the working hours are too long and there is no job security. Because of their working environment, their health scenario is also not good. He does have access to local government hospitals for treatment. If he does not unwell, he does not earn for that particular day.