SCIENCE CHAPTER 3 FIBRE TO FABRIC NOTEBOOK WORK & TEXTUAL ANSWER

 

CHAPTER 3

FIBRE TO FABRIC

NOTEBOOK WORK

mind map ppt 10,11

process cotton, jute, wool

PROCESSING OF COTTON

PICKING

GINNING

SPINNING

WEAVING

processing of jute

The processing of wool involves the following four steps:

STEP 1 :  Shearing  - removal of wool from the sheep’s skin. 

STEP 2:  Grading -   the fleece  separated from the damaged wool. 

STEP 3: Carding -   passed through the rollers.

STEP 4: Spinning  - Fibres  twisted to make yarn.

Check Your Progress Pg 23

State the main difference between synthetic and natural fibres 

Natural fibres	Synthetic fibres
The fibres that are obtained from  natural sources are called natural  fibres.	The fibres that are obtained from chemical  improvement of natural sources are called synthetic fibres.

• Give two examples each of synthetic and natural fibres. 

Synthetic fibres- nylon, rayon, acrylic and polyester 

Natural fibres- cotton, jute, hemp, coir, silk and wool 

Check Your Progress Pg 25

What kind of soil is suitable for the growth of cotton plants? 

Black fertile soil 

• The fruits of the cotton plant are known as cotton bolls. 

• Harvesting of jute plants is done at the harvesting stage.

Check your progress: 27

Explain the following process of obtaining wool from sheep – shearing and spinning. 

Shearing is a process which includes the removal of wool from the sheep’s skin. 

Spinning- Fibres are gathered together and drawn into a long rope and then twisted 

to make yarn. 

 

• Silk thread is obtained from the cocoons of silk worms. 

Answers to the questions given in the Let’s Exercise

(QUESTION 1 TO 4 TO BE DONE IN TEXTBOOK

 QUESTION 5 TO 9 IN FAIR NOTEBOOK)

1. Choose the correct option: 

 

a. Which of the following fabrics is ideal for making summer clothing? 

Ans: Cotton 

b. Which of the following terms is used to describe cotton fruits? 

Ans: Bolls 

c. Which of the following are natural fibres? 

Ans: Wool, silk, hemp 

 

2. Fill in the blanks. 

a. The basic unit of a fabric is a fibre. 

b. Cotton needs black fertile soil with good moisture capacity. 

c. Wool is obtained from the hair or the fleece of sheep. 

d. The process of creating yarn from fibres is known as spinning. 

 

3. State whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F). 

a. Hemp is a synthetic fibre. False 

b. The process of converting fibre to yarn is known as weaving. False 

c. A takli is a device used for spinning yarn by hand. True 

d. Synthetic fibres are prepared from chemical substances such as crude oil. True 

4. Answer the following questions in one word or one sentence. 

a. Name the process through which cotton is separated from the seeds. Ginning 

b. What is yarn made up of? Yarn is made up of fibres. 

c. Name the process of removal of wool from the sheep. Shearing 

 

5. Answer the following questions in short. 

a. Explain the process of spinning. 

The process of creating yarn from fibres is known as spinning. In this process fibres  are twisted to form a yarn. 

b. How are synthetic fibres processed? 

The chemical substances obtained from crude oil are heated and forced through very  fine pores to obtain long, fine threads of synthetic fibres. 

c. State the climatic conditions needed for the growth of cotton and jute plant. 

Cotton plant grows well in warm climates and jute plant grows well in the regions 

with high temperatures and heavy rainfall.

 

6. Give reasons. 

a. Cotton clothes are used in summer. 

Cotton fabric is naturally light and provides ventilation. 

b. Wool is used to create different fabrics. 

Wool can be blended with other fibres hence it is used to create different fabrics. 

 

7. Answer the following questions in detail. 

a. How are jute fibres converted into fabric? 

The stems are immersed in water for few days and as they rot emitting a bad odour  the fibres are separated by hand by a process known as retting. Later these fibres are  converted into yarns to make fabric. 

b. How are silk fibres collected? 

Silk thread is obtained from the saliva of silk worms. The larva of a silk worm feeds  on mulberry leaves and secretes fine threads of silk. This silk is wrapped around the  worm in a cocoon. The cocoons are collected and boiled in water. The silk fibres are 

then collected by hand. 

 

8. HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills) 

a. Why are jute fibres normally not used to make clothes? 

The fabric made up of jute fibres is thick, coarse woven fabric. Hence it will not be 

appropriate to wear clothes made up of coarse fabric.  

b. Why are silk, rayon and nylon smooth to touch? 

The fabric made up of silk rayon or nylon are having smooth and shiny texture and 

hence smooth to touch. 

 

9. Value based questions 

There is a sign outside a supermarket. ‘Kindly use jute or cotton bags for shopping instead of 

plastic bags.’ What could be the reason for this? 

Plastic is non-biodegradable and pollutes the environment. Jute or cotton are natural 

fibres and are biodegradable in nature. Hence it is recommended to use jute or cotton bags.