Lesson No 7: India Location and Physical Features

Q1. One word answer

1    Northern tip of  India  :   Indira  col in Kashmir

2     Southern tip of  India :    Kanyakumari

.     Rank of India in terms of area:  seventh in world.

4     Largest state in India in terms of area : Rajasthan

5   Himalaya word  in Sanskrit  means :  the abode of snow

6     Other name of  Purvanchal  :  Eastern hills

.     Our constitution was adopted on :  26  Jan 1950

     The world’s largest delta :  Ganga- Brahmaputra delta

.    Name the region which shows little vegetation, less rainfall and moving sand :  Thar or Great Indian Desert

 . Highest mountain peak  in  Purvanchal :  Blue Mountain

1     Name the rivers which forms Northern plains : Indus, Ganga and Brahmaputra

1Name the active volcanic island : Barren Island

1What helps trade to flourish?  Ports

.   Name the only river flowing through Thar desert : Luni

Q.2   Questions / Answers

1. What are union territories?  Name any two.

Ans.   Union territories are small scattered areas in India that are administered centrally. Names are -

a    Delhi

b     Chandigarh

2.  Name the six major physical divisions of India.

Ans. The six major physical divisions of India are :  

a. The Northern Himalayas

b. The Northern Plains

c.The Great Indian Desert

d.The Coastal Plains

e. The Peninsular Plateau

f.The Islands

3. Which part of India is known as the Food Bowl and why?

Ans. The fertile alluvial soil of Indo – Gangetic plain facilitates production of different types of crops. Thus, it is known as the “Food Bowl “of the country.

4. What are the geographical extents of peninsular plateau of India?

Ans.  The Peninsular Plateau of India is triangular in shape, surrounded by hill ranges on three sides.

 The Aravalis, theVindhyas, the Satpuras, the Bharmer and the Rajmahal hills

on the North, the Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats together form the  Southern boundary of the Plateau

5. Classify the northern mountains.

Ans. The Northern Mountains can be classified as ; 

A. The Trans Himalayas

B.The Himalayan Ranges-

i. Himadri

ii. Himachal

iii. Shiwalik

C. The Eastern Hills or Purvanchal-

i.Garo

ii.Khasi

iii. Jaintia Hills

iv. Patkai Bum

v. Naga Hills

vi. Mizo Hills

6. Write differences between the following: 

A.   Himadri , Himachal and Shiwalik Range

Himadri / Greator Himalayas	Himachal / Lesser Himalayas	Shiwalik / Outer Himalayas
1.Innermost range of  Himalayas	1. It lies between Himadri in north and Shiwalik in the South.	1.Outermost range of Himalayas
2. Average altitude is 6100 metres.	2. Altitude ranges between 3500-4500 metres.	2.Altitude ranges from 600 to 1500 metres
3. Ex .are-  Mt. Everest( 8850 m), Mt. Kanchenjunga (8598 m) etc.	3.Ex. are hill stations like Shimla, Darjeeling, Nainital etc.	3. Ex. Are – long and flat valleys called “doons” in West and “duars” in East . eg. Dehradoon, Chumbi etc.

B . Indus , Ganga and Brahmaputra Basin

The Indus Basin	The Ganga Basin	The Brahmaputra Basin
1. Drained by river Indus and its tributaries like Jhelum , Chenab, Beas, Ravi and Sutlej.	1. Drained by river Ganga and its tributaries like Ghagra, Gandak, Kosi, Yamuna, Ken, Sindh, Sone,  Betwa , Gomti and Chambal.	1. Drained by river Brahmaputra an dits tributaries like Dibang, Kameng, Dhansiri, Lohit, Teesta, Jaldhaka, Raidak.
2. Indus originates near Mansarovar in the Himalayas.	2.Ganga originates from Gangotri in the Himalayas	3. Brahmaputra source is the Chemayungdung glacier.

C. Western and Eastern coastal plains

The Western Coastal Plain	The Eastern Coastal Plain
Lies between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea.	Lies between the Eastern Ghats and the Bay of Bengal.
Merges with the Gujarat Plain.	Merges with the Ganga – Brahmaputra Delta.
Consists of estuaries, lagoons and back waters.	Includes deltas of rivers such as the Godavari, the Krishna, the Cauvery ( Kaveri ) and the Mahanadi.

D. Malwa , Chhotanagpur and Deccan Plateau

The Malwa Plateau	The Chhotanagpur Plateau	The Deccan Plateau
1. Lies to the north of Vindhya hills, bounded by Aravali Ranges in west and Bundelkhand in east.	1. Located in the north eastern part of the peninsular plateau.	1. Surrounded by the Vindhyas and the Satpuras in the North, western ghats in west and eastern ghats in east.
2. Narmada and tapi are major rivers flowing.	2. Subarnrekha, North Koel and South Koel are major rivers.	2. Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri are major rivers.
	Malwa    and     chhota nagpur plateau together are  called as CENTRAL  HIGHLANDS	o   Most important region to grow cotton as it has rich fertile black soil.

Q. 7.  MAP WORK –

Mark the following in the map of India:

Aravali ranges, Himalayas, Western and Eastern Coastal plains, Mahanadi and Tapi rivers, Telangana and its capital, Uttarakhand and its capital.